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BLENDED LEARNING

The blended classroom is designed to meet the individual needs of student by allowing teachers to personalize instruction.  This strategy can be used for any subject and any grade level.  Blended learning combines face-to-face and online instruction. It allows students to work with teachers in school and have online resources at home. It is similar to the flipped classroom, but with more emphasis on in-class work with the teacher over video/home content. Project Based Learning is a type of blended classroom. Students work on projects at home, and in class. In class, they can ask the teacher for help, and continue on the project at home, with online materials for help. By having online materials available, students have access to support when out of the classroom. Students access some material at home and complete some work at home, while leaving more time during class to get into deeper context with the teachers.

          For example, There is a teacher applies blended learning in his ICT classes. He gives the materials through his blog and his students directly visit his blog and follow his instruction.

Here are six blended learning techniques: e-Learning, webinars, classroom, role play, coaching, and OTJ.

In short, blended learning should be viewed as a pedagogical approach that combines the effectiveness and socialisation opportunities of the classroom with the technologically enhanced active learning possibilities of the online environment, rather than a ratio of delivery modalities. In other words, blended learning should be approached not merely as a temporal construct but rather as a fundamental redesign of the instructional model

E-Learning

E- Learning DefinitionThe delivery of a learning, training or education program by electronic means. E-learning involves the use of a computer or electronic device (e.g. a mobile phone) in some way to provide training, educational or learning material. (Derek Stockley 2003)E-learning can involve a greater variety of equipment than online training or education, for as the name implies, "online" involves using the Internet or an Intranet. CD-ROM and DVD can be used to provide learning materials.Distance education provided the base for e-learning's development. E-learning can be "on demand". It overcomes timing, attendance and travel difficulties.What are the benefits of e-Learning?  Yes, e-Learning is "cool," but what are the strategic benefits of this way of learning? When does e-Learning become a strategic imperative?

	Cost   The cost of e-Learning becomes an important benefit particularly if you factor in the travel expenses of the learners.
	Time   The speed of e-Learning becomes an important imperative in some situations:  First, if you have a dispersed group of learners they may spend more time traveling to the instructor than actually learning.   Second, the time will be reduced for learners who already know some of the material, as they can skim over what they already know.
	Pace   Learners can pace their learning according to their work demands.  They can learn during chunks of  free time.
	Reference   Learners can use the learning as a permanent reference system, which they can go back to for refreshers or if a particular need arises.
	Learning Effectiveness.   A 12-year meta-analysis of research by the U.S. Department of Education found that higher education students in online learning generally performed better than those in face-to-face courses.

What are some trends in e-Learning?

Designable and actionable social networks: Right now, most social networks — either at work or in our personal lives — are places to visit, interact or just gawk. But most social networks do not allow instructional designers to design an actionable request. For example, if I am building a management development program, could I configure the social network to require that each learner have an in-depth conversation with a peer in the organization who meets key criteria? Could I design a collaborative project that would leverage an internal social platform, like SharePoint, and structure the action in a visual format?Video annotation and editing made simple: As we grow the use of YouTube-like video, demand for simple editing and, more importantly, annotation of video will rise. So, if I take a video of how to load paper into the copy machine, how could I easily add a comment and even a big white arrow pointing to the button that needs to be pushed? Most workers are not going to learn in-depth or complicated video editing programs; therefore, you will see at least two Web-based, online video editing sites become popular in 2010. They will have a range of templates and even allow for multiple annotations in different languages. Also, watch for a beta version of a video-to-text auto transcription capacity pop up in one of these services. Skype, Google and Microsoft video come to work: Currently, millions of people are using platforms like Skype to chat with their friends, family or colleagues around the world. Still, simple desktop video has not really taken hold in the workplace. IT groups don’t want to see it waste bandwidth, and legal groups wonder if they need to store video chats for future lawsuits. But just as the use of color monitors and speakers started at home and then invaded the office, watch for the rise of desktop videoconferencing using tools like Skype, Google or Microsoft in the enterprise. New, thinner, cloud-based learning systems: We are seeing early signals about new learning systems — LMS and LCMS — that may be headed to the market or to the open source world in late 2010. These systems are slim in size, located in the computing cloud and more focused on learners who engage in social, mobile and contextual learning. One of the ventures is based in Asia and the other is coming out of a higher education project. Interestingly, both see themselves as systems that could be deployed by small workgroups, individuals or enterprises. I give them about a 40 to 60 percent chance of making it to market.

There area other reasons for e-Learning, and equally there are benefits for instructor led training.   As we see better e-Learning content, organizational development professionals need to be careful to select the most appropriate learning styles.   One style that is emerging is the blended learning approach, also called blended e-learning.Blended Learning is learning that blends e-Learning with instructor-led learning.  The learners do pre-work online, learning the subject and facts.  Then they come together with an instructor-facilitator and do activities which may include reviewing the material seen online, role-plays, discussions, etc.

Result of Quiz 1

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Summary of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL)

Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) is an approach to teaching and learning in which the computer and computer-based resources such as the Internet are used to present, reinforce and assess material to be learned. It usually includes a substantial interactive element. It also includes the search for and the investigation of applications in language teaching and learning. Except for self-study software, CALL is meant to supplement face-to-face language instruction, not replace it.

CALL has also been known by several other terms such as technology-enhanced language learning, computer-assisted language instruction (Davies) and computer-aided language learning but the field is the same.

The technologies used in CALL instruction generally fall into two categories, software and Internet-based activities.

Software

Software used in a CALL environment can be designed specifically for foreign/second language learning or adapted for this purpose. Most language textbook publishers offer educational software of some sort, whether it is meant to support a paper textbook or to stand alone for self-study. Most programs designed for language learning are tutorials. These generally are drill programs that consist of a brief introduction plus a series of questions to which the learner responds and then the computer gives some kind of feedback. With these kinds of programs, the material to be learned may already be programmed in by the publisher, which is more common, or may allow the instructor to program in the material to be learned.

Internet Based

Internet activities vary considerably, from online versions of software (where the learner interacts with a networked computer), to computer mediated communication  (where the learner interacts with other people via the computer), to applications that combine these two elements. Nowadays, web sites that cater to foreign-language learners, especially those learning English, are so numerous and varied that it can be very difficult to determine where to begin

          There are some advantages of call, they are :

Motivation

CALL’s activity can promote motivation in students is by personalizing information.

Adopting Learning to the Student

Computers can give a new role to teaching materials. Without computers, students cannot really influence the linear progression of the class content but computers can adapt to the student. Adapting to the student usually means that the student controls the pace of the learning but also means that students can make choices in what and how to learn, skipping unnecessary items or doing remedial work on difficult concepts.

Critical thinking skills

Use of computer technology in classrooms is generally reported to improve self-concept and mastery of basic skills, more student-centered learning and engagement in the learning process, more active processing resulting in higher-order thinking skills and better recall, gain confidence in directing their own learning. This is true for both language and non-language classrooms.

Summary of ICT in Language Learning

Now, ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has been used in almost all fields of life, including in education. In education, computer technology has become so essential that the government put ICT as one of the curriculum in Indonesia’s education. The utilization of ICT in education has recently started to appeal the potential and significant progress in language learning.It has become a major issue in education world and has been used from preschool through to university that could facilitate students and teacher in teaching and learning process. ICT has been publicized as potentially powerful enabling tools for educational change and reform. The computers play significant role in the learning process especially in learning language.

The technology in this era has been grown up not only from the quality but also the efficiency. They are moving fast without any limit from every product. The need of technological innovation has brought the communication revolution and rapid development of technological application in teaching and learning. This technology made contribution on improving language communication in Indonesia. Every school has used the ICT to facilitate the teacher to teach the students in the classroom. Many kinds of application that they use in the classroom improved and enhanced the better lesson.

ICT is a valuable tool to enhance teaching and learning. For teachers ICT is a professional resources, mode of classroom delivery, and a source of valid and valuable text types. For students, ICT provides opportunities to communicate more effectively and to develop literacy skills including skills in critical literacy. It is valuable tool for researching, composing and reaponding, and viewing and representing in English. There are some free online tools for teaching, such as :

1.     Wallwisher

2.     Prezi

3.     Study blue

4.     Animoto

5.     Wordle

6.     Storybird

7.   Popplet

8.  Google Docs

Worldwide research has shown that ICT can lead to improved student learning and better teaching methods. A report made by the National Institute of Multimedia Education in Japan, proved that an  increase in student exposure to educational ICT through curriculum integration has a significant and positive impact on student achievement, especially in terms of "Knowledge・Comprehension" · "Practical skill"  and "Presentation skill" in subject areas such as mathematics, science, and social study.

However, you can see that there are many education technology solutions provided in the world which may cause confusion among educators about how to choose the right ICT solution. Let's have a look at the advantages and disadvantages of ICT tools for education and discover what kind of education ICT solution is suitable for your school needs.

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Management Information System, Hypertext, Hypermedia, Multimedia

Management Information System

            Management Information System is a computer based system that provides information for the users who have similar needs or purposes and this system is commonly used in business   (such as Corporate Finance, Marketing, Management,  Accounting) and technology (Such as in Computer Engineering, Computer Science).

Hypertext

            Hypertext is a text that related with other documents or a text that has a links to the other information so that the readers can directly access that information by push click button. Usually hypertext is marked in blue.

Hypermedia

            Hypermedia is an extension of the term hypertext that enables a user to access not only text but also can access photo, audio, video and computer graphics related to particular topic directly.

Multimedia

            Multimedia is a media that has a combination of various form of  information such as text, graphics,  video, and audio as a supported media to convey information or simply gives entertainment to users.

The conclusion between Management Information System, Hypertext, Hypermedia and Multimedia is they are really useful for users to access information easily and efficiently.